📊 Economic Stagnation, Job Mismatch Fuel ‘Distress Migration’ from Punjab: Experts

A growing trend of distress migration from Punjab has raised concerns among policymakers and experts, with the state’s Economic Survey 2025–26 highlighting key reasons behind the continuing exodus of youth.

🚶‍♂️ Rising Migration Trend

According to the survey, a significant number of young people from Punjab are leaving the state—and often the country—in search of better opportunities. This migration is increasingly being described as “distress-driven”, rather than purely aspirational.

⚖️ Push and Pull Factors

Experts point to a combination of push and pull factors behind this trend:

🔻 Push Factors (Within Punjab)

• Economic stagnation and slow industrial growth

• Limited job opportunities, especially for educated youth

• Mismatch between education and employment, where degrees do not translate into suitable jobs

• Declining returns from traditional sectors like agriculture

🌍 Pull Factors (Outside Punjab)

• Better salary prospects abroad

• Higher quality of life and infrastructure

• Perception of greater career growth opportunities

🎓 Job Mismatch a Major Concern

One of the biggest issues highlighted is the gap between skills and available jobs. Many graduates are unable to find employment matching their qualifications, leading them to look beyond the state or country.

💬 Experts Call for Policy Action

Economists and policymakers are urging the government to:

• Boost industrial development and investment

• Create skill-based employment opportunities

• Align education with market demands

• Strengthen sectors beyond agriculture

⚠️ Impact on State’s Future

The continued outflow of youth could have long-term consequences, including:

• Brain drain affecting innovation and growth

• Reduced local workforce availability

• Socio-economic imbalance in the region